Description of techniques

Oil painting is one of pictorial techniques, in which a mixture of pigments andoil siccative (the binder or vehicle), making it possible to obtain a more or less thick and fatty paste. This paste is then applied using brushes on a primed canvas support mounted on a frame,

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or mounted on a rigid panel. Other supports are also used such as cardboard or wood. Several types of diluents as well as painting mediums are used to facilitate application, or to modify its texture.

Born from classical workshops and large formats, the painter's traditional profession was and remains the referential basis of the oil technique. The pictorial layers of the painting are superimposed according to the principle of "fat on lean" and exploit the transparencies of certain pigments, combined with that of the mediums. They are called "juice" (very little pigment and a lot of thinner), "glaze" (very little pigment and a lot of full-bodied medium in resin), "vellatures" (very little pigment, lots of full-bodied medium in resin and a little white). As opposed to "paste", "material", "charge".

She appeared at the end of Middle Ages in the West and Flemish primitives generalized its use, supplanting the technique of tempera. Over the years, the technique of oil painting has undergone changes linked to technical progress and aesthetic developments. From a technique based mainly on the superposition of glaze, as practiced by the Flemings and Florentines, oil painting has evolved into a more paste technique, enriched with mediums coniferous and characteristic of schools Dutch (Rembrandt, Neck), Flemish (Rubens), And Venetian (Titian, Tintoretto) and, thereafter, Impressionists who were the first to use the tube paint that appeared with theindustrialization.
Oil painting is considered in the West as the queen technique. Of the Renaissance in the twentieth century, it was the first technique learned and used by artists.

Source: Extract from articles Wikipedia.

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Acrylic paint is a pictorial technique and painting medium using pigments mixed with resins synthetic. 

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The water-dilutable acrylic artist's paint was created in 1963 by the Liquitex brand of chemist Henry Levinson. It is immediately used by painters Andy Warhol, David Hockney.
Au Mexico it was invented in the middle of the Twentieth century toward 1950. Chemists from the National Polytechnic Institute in Mexico City, in collaboration with Mexican master mural painters, developed it during the creation of the frescoes on the facades of the University of Mexico. The writings of David Alfaro Siqueiros (Mexican painter-muralist): "Art and the Revolution", tell in detail the development of this pictorial technique put on the market in 1950.
She does not appear in Europe before 1960s : Pierre Alechinsky discovered her in New York in 1965.

Acrylic paint is made up of two elements:

  • The pigments : similar to those of oil paint, of mineral or organic origin, natural (rare) or synthetic. Unlike oil painting, the level of grinding of pigments should not be too fine.
  • Le binder : an emulsion of water and acrylic or polymer resin. A variant is the acrylo-vinyl binder (vinyl paint). The texture of the binder is more or less fluid depending on the manufacturer.

A load can then be added to this paste in order to increase its volume.

The main quality of acrylic paint is its docility: dilution with water (without excess), miscibility, mixtures easy to prepare, ease of application, versatility of supports, low odor. It is very solid and indelible. It has the particularity of drying very quickly, in a few minutes.

It thus differs from the oil painting, very slow to dry but which allows the fades and repentance.

Source: Extract from articles Wikipedia.

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